Дослідження впливу прискорень грунту різних напрямків на будівлю в зоні руху залізничних потягів

The article focuses on the impact of loads from railway rolling stock on the condition of the ballast prism, the propagation of vibrations in the foundation, and their effect on the dynamic behavior of a high-rise reinforced concrete frame building. The study examines the dynamic response of a 17-story monolithic reinforced concrete residential building located near railway traffic in an urban environment. The building is elongated in plan and has sections of varying heights, which may influence the stress-strain state of the structural frame under different directions of ground vibrations. Additionally, the effect of ground vibrations on the structural frame, depending on the building’s orientation relative to railway tracks, is analyzed. To model the dynamic behavior of the high-rise building under the influence of rolling stock loads, a two-stage approach was applied. First, a finite element model of the ballast prism and soil foundation was developed as a two-dimensional elastoplastic half-space with a length of 200 m and a depth of 60 m. The load from the rolling stock was introduced as a vertical periodic disturbance concentrated at the center of mass of the system, consisting of the bogie frame, wheelsets of a freight train car, and the ballast prism. The influence of rolling stock loads on the foundation was examined using a nonlinear static formulation based on the Newton-Raphson method. Modal analysis of the foundation and ballast prism was performed using the Lanczos method.  The dynamic behavior of the foundation was analyzed using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. Horizontal and vertical ground accelerations were obtained at various distances and depths within the foundation model. In the second stage, a 3D model of the building was developed. The stress-strain state of the structure was examined using the spectral method under the influence of design loads and kinematic ground disturbances, applied along the height of the building’s foundation in the form of acceleration vectors.  The conditions for the reliability and structural safety of the building were evaluated under a combination of loads, including the impact of ground vibrations induced by railway rolling stock. Additionally, the optimal orientation of the building in relation to railway tracks was analyzed.