ВИДОВЕ РОЗКРИТТЯ ПАМ'ЯТОК АРХІТЕКТУРИ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЇХ ЗОН ОХОРОНИ

In the article, the aim is to summarize and improve the structure and methodology of urban analysis of the traditional environment, taking into account modern approaches and international experience. In particular, the study focuses on identifying types of zones for visual exposure of monuments, which strongly depend on their location within the urban structure; establishing a hierarchical classification of the most valuable views that should be preserved based on their importance; ensuring preservation, appropriate use, and future urban development regimes within the protection zones of cultural heritage monuments. Determining the boundaries of monument protection zones and their usage regimes provides conditions for the preservation, effective, and rational use of monuments, including their surrounding areas. Protection zones of cultural heritage monuments must consider the valuable views of architectural landmarks, as they are a critical element in preserving cultural heritage by shaping the perception of historical objects in space and time. The article also emphasizes that visual exposure is not only an aesthetic but also a cultural and historical factor that affects the way heritage sites are integrated into the modern urban fabric. Due to modern active changes in urban structures caused by the emergence of large-scale contemporary construction, the development of transportation and engineering infrastructure, there has arisen a critical need for comprehensive research into urban planning changes in traditional urban environments. These changes often lead to the partial or total loss of historically valuable perspectives on architectural monuments, which diminishes the integrity and identity of cultural heritage sites. This study highlights the importance of maintaining visual connectivity between monuments and their surrounding landscapes. Such connectivity ensures that the historical and cultural significance of these sites remains comprehensible to future generations. Moreover, the article proposes methods to evaluate and rank valuable views based on their historical, cultural, and spatial significance to prioritize their preservation. Furthermore, the study addresses the challenge of balancing urban development with the conservation of historical environments. This includes ensuring the integrated protection and development not only of individual monuments but also of entire urban complexes, which incorporate historical layouts and traditional buildings from various historical periods. It is critical to adopt a holistic approach that aligns the needs of modern urbanization with the preservation of cultural identity. The proposed study is based on practical experience in defining the boundaries and usage regimes of monument protection zones. By implementing the findings of this research, it is possible to formulate strategies that ensure the sustainable development of urban areas while preserving the integrity and authenticity of cultural heritage. This approach not only benefits current urban planning practices but also sets a precedent for international standards in heritage protection.