Who's Making All That Noise: The Journey of the Jaw Harp in Colonial Williamsburg

The metallic twang of the jaw harp has been heard around the world for 1,600 years, eventually making its way from Asia through Europe and to Colonial America. Archaeological evidence that spans centuries of history showcases the ever-changing shape and size of the jaw harp, and how it was modified to best fit the people and place where it was being played. This study looks at the specific distribution patterns and typologies of jaw harps that have been excavated in Colonial Williamsburg using pXRF, x-ray photography, and historical archives. Studying the material, frame shape, and geographical distribution throughout the settlement reveals the jaw harp’s relationship to social class. Of the 70 jaw harp artifacts found in Williamsburg, 80% were made of mostly forged iron alloy and 20% were made of mostly cast copper alloy. The geographic mapping of metal type and method of manufacturing do not indicate a distribution pattern throughout the Historic Area. Distributional data is correlated to historic information about who lived in the locations of excavation and indicates a homogenous use of resources between social classes. This class relationship contrasts with what is seen in Europe at the same time where jaw harps were associated with the lower class.