FMEA for Blockchain Design for Food Safety and Halal Risk Mitigation in Meat Supply Chain

This research discusses the application of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method in designing a blockchain system for mitigating food safety and halal risks in the beef supply chain. The complexity of the meat supply chain involving various parties increasing the risk of contamination and changes in the halal status of the meat. This research aims to identify food safety and halal risks, prioritise the risks, and design blockchain-based mitigation solutions. Blockchain was chosen for its advantages in providing high transparency and accountability, enabling real-time tracking at every stage of the supply chain. The research results show that most of the risks in the meat supply chain fall into the low category, but there are some critical medium risks, especially related to the slaughtering process. The proposed blockchain design includes product traceability features, halal certification, temperature monitoring, and smart contracts to ensure automatic validation of food safety and halal compliance. The implementation of this blockchain is expected to increase consumer trust in meat products, reduce the risk of contamination, and strengthen accountability throughout the meat supply chain.