GOLD 2025: новітні підходи до менеджменту та лікування хронічного обструктивного захворювання легень

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common non-communicable dise­ases, characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production, and/or exacerbations) due to pathological changes in the airways (bronchitis, bronchiolitis) and/or alveoli (emphysema), leading to persistent, often progressive airflow obstruction. COPD ranks among the top three causes of mortality worldwide. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, approximately 300 million people live with COPD (10.3 % of the adult popula­tion), resulting in a significant socio-economic burden, with economic damages amounting to €38.6 billion annually in the European Union. Each year, COPD causes 3 million deaths worldwide. The updated Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2025 guidelines outline modern approaches to COPD management. Key focus areas include the revised patient classification system, personalized therapy selection, the role of biomarkers (particularly the eosinophilic profile), and the integration of digital tools for patient monitoring.The aim of this article is to analyze the main changes in the GOLD 2025 guidelines, assess their practical significance, and evaluate their potential impact on improving the clinical management of COPD patients. Additionally, the article aims to emphasize the importance of personalized therapeutic strategies for reducing the frequency of exacerbations and improving long-term treatment outcomes for patients.The GOLD 2025 recommendations represent the latest approach to COPD management, emphasizing personalized therapy and the integration of modern technologies. The updated classification (Groups A, B and E) simplifies clinical decision-making, while the use of biomarkers such as the eosinophilic profile enhances treatment efficacy. In addition to pharmacotherapy, significant attention is dedicated to non-pharmacolo­gical approaches and the use of digital tools, contributing to improved long-term treatment outcomes.