Effects of BAP and GA3 on Micropropagation of Vanillaplanifolia

Vanilla planifolia Andr. is an orchid species belonging to the Orchidaceae family, valued for the pleasant fragrance of its fruits or pods, which are widely utilized in the food industry, beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, cosmetics, perfumery, and pharmaceuticals. Typically, the propagation method of V. planifolia via stem cuttings is considered inefficient for planting materials production on an industrial scale due to limited planting supplies, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Hence, this research focuses on the rapid multiplication of V. planifolia in vitro to enhance and provide enough planting materials. A nodal segment with one node of approximately 1.0 cm from six months of healthy plants was selected as an explant. The explants were sterilized with a detergent solution and Clorox before being cultured into media containing MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, added with different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) of BAP and GA3 applied singly. The cultures were maintained in the culture room at 25 ± 2 ˚C under a 16-hour photoperiod of fluorescent light. The data including the percentage of explants forming shoots (%), shoot length (cm), percentage of root formation (%), root length (cm) and percentage of callus induction (%) were recorded after 30 days of culture. Results clarified MS medium supplemented with BAP promoted the optimum shoot induction, 100% shoot formation with the highest mean shoot length, 2.0 cm and better callus formation, 13%. Meanwhile, the MS basal medium is considered the best condition for rooting in vitro plantlets, 66% root formation with 2.0 cm root length. The present findings provide significant knowledge on establishing the optimum procedure for micropropagation of V. planifolia.