A eficácia escolar em Portugal: Comparação de fatores associados à eficácia escolar utilizando dados do PISA 2015 e 2018

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), assesses the reading, mathematics and science skills of students completing compulsory education. Since 2000, it has had an impact on education systems and has been used for international comparisons. A non-experimental design is employed to analyse school effectiveness factors in Portugal, using data from PISA 2015 and 2018. Specifically, two types of quantitative analyses, multilevel modelling and binary logistic regressions, have been used to identify variables associated with school performance and school effectiveness, respectively. The sample included 11500 students from 370 Portuguese schools. Significant correlations were found between certain factors (feedback, use of Information and Communication Technologies) and academic performance, but logistic regressions did not show statistically significant results in relation to school effectiveness in Portugal. Therefore, it is proposed to investigate other variables and aspects, such as the educational policies applied, in order to better understand the country's educational success. Certain lines of future research on the subject are also proposed.