The Cerebellum–Ventral Tegmental Area Microcircuit and Its Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review

Peiling Zhou,1 Shiyu Peng,2 Sizhe Wen,1 Qinghui Lan,1 Yingyin Zhuang,1 Xuyan Li,1 Mengliang Shi,1,3 Changzheng Zhang1 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Changzheng Zhang, School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524048, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected] Mengliang Shi, School of Education, South China Normal University, 55 West Zhongshan Avenue, Shipai Street, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510631, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: The cerebellum has long been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and emerging evidence suggests a significant contribution by reciprocal neural circuits between the cerebellum and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in symptom expression. This review provides a concise overview of morphological and functional alterations in the cerebellum and VTA associated with ASD symptoms, primarily focusing on human studies while also integrating mechanistic insights from animal models. We propose that cerebello–VTA circuit dysfunctional is a major contributor to ASD symptoms and that these circuits are promising targets for drugs and therapeutic brain stimulation methods.Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, cerebellum, ventral tegmental area, neural circuit