Aging-Related Hearing Decline and Resting State Networks

This study investigated the effects of age-related hearing decline on functional networks using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The main objective of the present study was to examine resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and graph theory-based network efficiency metrics in forty-nine adults categorized by age and hearing thresholds to identify the neural mechanisms of age-related hearing decline. RsFC within key brain networks and auditory-related brain regions, including the default mode network, salience network, dorsal attention network, and primary auditory cortices, was assessed using region-of-interest (ROI)-based and graph theory approaches. Functional metrics, such as rsFC strength and global and local efficiency, were compared across age groups and hearing profile groups. Middle-aged adults demonstrated significantly stronger rsFC between the left primary auditory cortex and the left rostrolateral prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex within the salience network than older adults. Participants without age-related hearing decline exhibited enhanced intra-network connectivity within the salience network, highlighting the impact of hearing sensitivity on network functionality. Graph theory metrics indicated greater local efficiency in nodes within the salience network among individuals without age-related hearing decline, suggesting preserved cognitive control and attentional processing. Age and hearing thresholds significantly affected the functional connectivity and network efficiency of the brain. These results emphasize the importance of neuroimaging techniques like rs-fMRI. Rs-fMRI may be helpful for the early detection and management of age-related hearing decline. Advisors: Yingying Wang and Judith Harvey