ФІНАНСОВА БЕЗПЕКА ПІДПРИЄМСТВ У КОНТЕКСТІ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ І ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The article analyzes the financial security of enterprises as a key factor in ensuring resilience and competitiveness amid global economic transformations and martial law in Ukraine. Financial security, once a technical aspect, is now a strategic resource for business sustainability in uncertain conditions. The study reviews theoretical perspectives: N. I. Koval and K. V. Korniuk define it as a mechanism for protecting economic activities via rational resource use, T. A. Klochko views it as a state of resilience through preventive measures, and O. Yu. Amosov emphasizes protection from external threats and stakeholder coordination. Financial security is characterized by a balance of profitability, resource availability, and effective financial policy to prevent crises. Key threats include economic crises, political instability, cyberattacks, counterparty insolvency, and internal inefficiencies. In Ukraine, martial law exacerbates these with energy instability and a 300% rise in cyberattacks in 2022. The National Bank of Ukraine reports 60% of enterprises faced energy-related issues in 2023. Hybrid warfare, including cyber threats, is critical amid digitalization. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development notes 45% of Ukrainian firms cite a lack of qualified personnel as a barrier. The article proposes strategies like fintech adoption (blockchain, automation), funding diversification, and workforce training. A systemic risk management approach, integrating legal, technical, and analytical components, is essential to transform uncertainty into resilience. Cybersecurity spending rose for 70% of firms in 2023, while the IMF reports a 50% drop in external financing access due to war risks. Internal threats, like employee incompetence, are significant, with 55% of SMEs reporting issues due to low qualifications in 2023. Systematic personnel selection, training, and better coordination are recommended. Practical solutions include relocating production, with 10% of large firms and 25% of SMEs moving to safer regions in 2022–2023. Financial security requires continuous monitoring and proactive risk management to ensure adaptability and competitiveness, offering insights for economies in crisis.