МІСТОБУДІВНІ ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ЦЕНТРИ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНИ

Humanity has historically clustered together to ensure survival, fostering information exchange and technological progress. However, development has been uneven, influenced by factors beyond geography. Amsterdam exemplifies how clustering talent and ideas can drive economic success despite initial disadvantages. Robert Lucas’s theory of clustering (1988) highlights the economic benefits of concentrated human resources, enhancing productivity and innovation. Jane Jacobs further emphasized that urban growth depends on social and functional diversity, enabling knowledge exchange and creativity. Modern industrial and technological hubs apply clustering principles, but excessive specialization can hinder innovation. To address this, innovative multifunctional centers for territorial-spatial development integrate diverse industries and social activities to enhance collaboration and efficiency. These centers require geographical compactness, an innovation focus, and a mix of functions to create an optimal environment for idea generation and testing. A specific model, multimodal economic growth clusters, forms around major transportation hubs (airports, railways, ports), facilitating rapid exchange of goods, services, and ideas. Examples like the Schiphol Airport cluster demonstrate their role as economic engines. These clusters enhance social diversity, innovation, and economic expansion beyond their physical boundaries. For Ukraine, such centers are crucial in addressing economic challenges, resource limitations, and post-war reconstruction. Leveraging transit potential, multimodal clusters can drive economic revival, regional connectivity, and technological advancement. In conclusion, Ukraine’s rapid economic progress depends on innovative spatial planning. Multifunctional innovation hubs and multimodal economic clusters can accelerate recovery and global competitiveness by fostering talent interaction, knowledge exchange, and groundbreaking solutions.