Аналіз госпіталізації дорослих пацієнтів із хворобами вуха, горла, носа

The rational use of healthcare resources is an important component of preparedness for crisis situations, the ability of the general population to be covered by healthcare services. However, the issue of using hospital beds in accordance with the clinical needs of the patient and specific diseases has not been resolved. Ear, throat, and nose diseases often become targets for infection by respiratory viruses, which are the causes of epidemics and pandemics, which makes the study relevant on the example of analyzing hospitalizations of patients with these diseases. The objective: to analyze hospitalizations of adult patients in Kyiv with ear, throat, and nose diseases in Kyiv during the 2019 and 2022. Materials and methods. Statistical data of the City Scientific Information and Analytical Center of Medical Statistics, Kyiv, for 2019 and 2022; Forms No. 20 for 2019 and 2022, Forms No. 003/o (174 cases for 2019 and 83 cases for 2022, total – 257 cases) of the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise “Kyiv City Clinical Hospital No. 12”; expert assessment data (7 units). The following research methods were used: medical and statistical; analytical; graphic; expert assessments; generalization. Results. Despite the reduction in otolaryngological beds in Kyiv from 250 in 2019 to 155 in 2022, the average number of days of bed operation decreased from 286.7 to 234.4 days, the average duration of a patient’s stay in bed increased from 7.4 to 7.9 days. In 50.0% of cases in 2019 and 41.0% of cases in 2022, the patients visited the otolaryngology department by their own decision, after the referral by a family doctor – in 9.7% and 6.3% of cases, respectively, after the referral by a specialist in 37.3% and 31.0% of hospitalizations, respectively. In 65.1% of hospitalizations in 2022 and 72.4% in 2019, hospitalization was for emergency indications. The leading causes of hospitalizations in 2022 were nasal septum curvature (20.5%), acute sinusitis (15.8%), other diseases of the ear, throat, nose (13.3%), in 2019 – acute sinusitis (23.6%), acute otitis (19.0%), paratonsillar abscess (10.9%). According to the experts’ conclusions, in 2022 34.9%, and in 2019 35.6% of hospitalizations were unjustified. Conclusions. The low effectiveness of the reduction of otolaryngological beds was demonstrated, which is confirmed by the low rates of bed utilization in both 2019 and 2022, likely due to the COVID-19 epidemic and the war. A high level of self-referrals of patients for hospital care (41.0% in 2022, 50.0% in 2019), hospitalizations for emergency indications (65.1% in 2022, 72.4% of cases in 2019) and unjustified hospitalizations (34.9% in 2022, 35.6% of cases in 2019) was found.