Tracheal injury after endotracheal intubation

Endotracheal intubation is a vital procedure in anaesthetized animals to deliver oxy-gen, volatile anaesthetics, and assist with ventilation. It also protects the airways from aspiration of gastric contents. However, improper intubation techniques or equipment can lead to complications, such as tracheal injury. Cats are particularly prone to tracheal rupture due to their sensitive tracheal anatomy and the overinflation of endotracheal tube cuffs. Dental procedures, which often require repositioning, account for most tra-cheal injuries in cats. Clinical signs, such as subcutaneous emphysema, coughing, and respiratory distress, may occur hours to days after the procedure. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, radiographs, and tracheoscopy. While mild cases can be man-aged conservatively with oxygen supplementation and rest, severe injuries require sur-gical intervention. Proper tube selection, careful cuff inflation, and regular pressure monitoring are essential preventive measures to minimize the risk of tracheal injury. Early diagnosis and suitable management result in favourable outcomes for the affected animals.