Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Risk Factors Associated with Progression and overall recovery in 3 month duration -observational cross sectional study

Background Traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (TICH) volume increase is a well-researched phenomenon that directly affects patient prognosis. Finding the risk factors related to the development of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage was the aim of this investigation. Methods This prospective study was done on 114 patients with Traumatic intra cerebral hemorrhage in Neurosurgery Department, Cairo University Hospitals from 1/7/2022 till 31/12/ 2022. Results Our results revealed that Among the 114 patients included in our study, (82) patients were males speaking to (71.9%) and (32) patients were females speaking to (28.01%). The most common clinical picture were, 17 of them presented mainly with headache, 18 cases with disturbed conscious level, 13 cases with visual field defects, 24 cases with convulsions, 16 cases had behavioral changes and 26 present with vomiting. As regard to side of the lesion, (51) patients (44.7%) had right ICHs while (49) patients (43%) were with left lesion and 14patients (12.3%) were bilateral. As regard to Cause of injury there were (58) Patients (50.8%) had Road traffic accident and 24 patients had fall domestic (21.05%) and 20 patients (17.5%) had fall outside home but 12 patients had other mechanisms. According to the factors associated with progression, the most common factors were old age, hematoma volume, multiple hematoma, hypertension, bleeding profile disturbance, renal failure, liver cirrhosis, smoking, subdural extension and time to first CT. Conclusion The factors associated with progression, the most common factors were old age, hematoma volume, multiple hematoma, bleeding profile disturbance, hyper tension, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, subdural extension, mode of initial trauma and perihematomal edema. Early CT is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of TICH and early treatment for prevention of hematoma progression. Edema after TICH plays an important role in TICH -induced injury and is associated TICH expansion and overall worsening of the patients outcome. There is a strong relation between Traumatic brain injury and long term development of memory disorders especially in older patients. There is a strong relation between TICH and stroke development in older patients.