Stress and strength analysis of aluminum alloy structures under the effect of thermal and mechanical force

The slat of aircraft is subjected to the combined action of thermal load and aerodynamic force during its service, which has an impact on the safety of the structure. The typical aluminum alloy structure widely used in slat structure is taken as the main research object, and the stress distribution and structural strength under the combined action of heat and force were studied by experiment and finite element method. Firstly, in order to explore the influence of temperature on material properties, the linear tensile test of 2024-T62 rectangular thin plate and the high temperature tensile failure test of perforated thin plate were carried out under four different temperature conditions. The test shows that the high temperature environment has a reduction effect on the elastic modulus of the material, and at 190 °C, the bearing strength of the test piece decreased by 15%. Therefore, considering the reduction effect of temperature on material parameters can establish a more accurate model for predicting structural strength. Secondly, aiming at the thermal stress problem of aluminum alloy parts and structures, the test and simulation of aluminum alloy sheet and simplified slat structure under the combined action of heat and force were carried out respectively. A set of modeling method and thermal stress measurement test technology under the combined action of heat and force were established. The maximum error between the simulation and test results of aluminum alloy sheet is 10%. The thermal stress simulation of the simplified slat structure has a good trend compared with the experimental results, and the maximum error is 20%. In addition, through the experiment, it is also found that the thermal stress is particularly sensitive to the setting of boundary conditions. For the model with complex constraints, it is necessary to expand the modeling range to the stable boundary conditions to simulate the actual thermal stress.