Simulation modeling of the LTC4020 charging controller for lithium-ion batteries

Problem. Modern lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, medical devices, photovoltaic systems, and other fields due to their high energy density and efficiency. However, they require complex charging management to ensure safety, prevent degradation, and extend lifespan. Existing charging devices often have limitations in supporting a wide range of voltages and currents, as well as versatility in working with different types of batteries. Goal. To analyze and simulate the operation of the combined LTC4020 controller to optimize the charging process for lithium-ion batteries while ensuring high efficiency and safety. Methodology. The research utilized LTSpice software for the simulation of the LTC4020 controller. A lithium-ion battery model based on the Thevenin equivalent circuit was developed to balance accuracy and model complexity. The study focused on the controller’s operation in the constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging mode. Results. Simulations confirmed the effectiveness of the LTC4020 controller in providing precise regulation of current and voltage. The device demonstrated efficient charging of lithium-ion batteries across a wide range of input voltages (4.5 V–55 V), achieving energy efficiency of 90–97%. It was shown that maintaining the voltage range of 2.8–4.2 V is critical to preventing battery degradation. Originality. The study proposed an optimized charging process based on the simulation of the LTC4020 controller using the Thevenin model for lithium-ion batteries. This research highlights the impact of charging device parameters on battery performance and durability, which has not been thoroughly addressed in previous studies. Practical value. The obtained results can be applied to the development of modern charging devices that provide high efficiency, versatility, and safety. This will promote the adoption of energy-efficient technologies in electric transportation, renewable energy, and portable electronics sectors.