OPTIMIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOTS FOR LOGISTICS PROCESSES: A REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES AND PERSPECTIVES

An analysis of general information about mobile robotic platforms, their types, and features has been conducted. It has been suggested that in the field of transportation and sorting, robotic platforms contribute to more efficient management of warehouse processes and the delivery of goods. Sorting items or parcels on mobile robotic platforms takes place in order consolidation or dispatch areas in warehouses and transshipment centers, often using automated conveyor sorting systems. Sorting elements such as individual products, parcels, or containers based on specific criteria is an important logistical function and plays a key role in many warehouses and distribution centers. This process becomes essential, especially when packaging and zoning methods are used in the picking area to increase work efficiency. It has been noted that technological advancements in automated mobile robots (AMR) have significantly improved operational flexibility, productivity, quality, and, in some cases, economic efficiency. The use of artificial intelligence for autonomous decision-making contributes to the decentralization of processes associated with AMR. These systems are often rapidly implemented, particularly in environments where there is prior experience with similar projects. However, evaluating the benefits of AMR use and selecting optimal strategies to achieve maximum results remain challenging tasks. This literature review thoroughly analyzes key technological developments and identifies decision-making areas for planning and controlling AMR. It is stated that new technologies in robotics, based on mobile platforms, allow robots to move from isolated conditions into more chaotic and dynamic environments, where they collaborate with humans and perform tasks that go beyond their programmed behavior.