Health in the Workplace: The Impact of Reverse Mentoring and Job crafting Mediated by Work Engagement

Introduction: Employee health is a critical predictor of organizational productivity. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of reverse mentoring and job crafting on mental and physical health, with engagement playing a mediating role. Material and Methods: This research employed a descriptive survey design with an applied focus, conducted cross-sectionally using survey methods for data collection. The statistical population consisted of 330 employees from the Amirkabir Kashan Steel Company. A sample size of 180 was determined using Cochran’s formula, and a simple random sampling method was utilized. Data were collected via a standardized questionnaire comprising 63 questions. The questionnaire’s validity was confirmed through convergent and divergent validity tests, and its reliability was supported by Cronbach’s alpha, which exceeded 0.7 for all variables. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (SPSS) and inferential statistics (PLS). Results: The findings confirmed all hypotheses and demonstrated the appropriate fit of the research model. Results revealed significant impacts of reverse mentoring on mental health (β = -0.482, t = 5.899) and physical health (β = 3.460, t = 4.430), as well as job crafting on mental health (β = -0.545, t = 6.193) and physical health (β = -0.756, t = 8.979) among employees and managers of the Amirkabir Kashan Steel Company. Moreover, engagement was found to mediate the effects of reverse mentoring on mental health (β = -0.510, t = 5.948) and physical health (β = -0.242, t = 3.799). Engagement also mediated the effects of job crafting on mental health (β = -0.345, t = 4.186) and physical health (β = -0.405, t = 4.751). Conclusion: The results indicate that by implementing reverse mentoring and job crafting methods, managers can effectively control engagement levels, thereby maintaining organizational productivity and improving the health and well-being of employees.