Evolución del PIB de Ecuador y su Relación con las Políticas Públicas de Desarrollo (2013-2021)

This study analyzes the evolution of Ecuador's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) between 2013 and 2021, establishing its relationship with the public policies implemented in the National Development Plans 2013-2017 and 2017-2021. During the first period, the Ecuadorian economy showed sustained growth due to public investment and social spending, however, the drop in oil prices in 2015 negatively affected growth. In the second period, the country faced additional challenges, such as the recession in 2019 and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, resulting in a significant contraction of GDP. Despite this, a moderate recovery was observed in 2021. This study adopts a qualitative and quantitative approach based on the review of official sources, economic statistics and public policy analysis. Despite the recovery observed in 2021, the Ecuadorian economy still faces structural challenges and the need to diversify its productive apparatus to reduce its dependence on oil. The study reveals the close relationship between public policies and GDP performance in Ecuador. Although the policies implemented during the 2013-2021 period managed to boost growth at certain times, limitations and the need to strengthen the sustainability and resilience of the economy were also evident. The importance of promoting investment in strategic sectors, promoting productive diversification and improving the efficiency of public spending is highlighted to achieve more inclusive and sustainable long-term economic growth. The need to strengthen institutions and governance is emphasized to create a favorable environment for investment and business development.