Filosofía política y migración: debates contemporáneos en el marco del nacionalismo metodológico

This article examines three of the most prolific debates (due to their abundant academic production) within contemporary philosophy on migration: the dichotomy of closing or opening borders, the expansion of the conception of justice and, briefly and introductory, the ethics of migration. Objective: The objective is to show how these debates are articulated with the conceptual tendency of methodological nationalism, both in its structuring and in the attempts to overcome its consequences. Methodology: A literature review was carried out on the responses of the different schools of philosophical thought -namely, communitarian, nationalist and liberal cosmopolitan- to the huge migratory flows. Results: The literature reviewed maintains the figure of the State as the only recognized actor to morally validate the management of human mobility. Conclusions: Methodological nationalism has contributed to hiding the reality of the cross-border connections and processes that should guide theorists in the study of migration. Furthermore, to overcome the cognitive bias of methodological nationalism, the incorporation of approaches from the social sciences is proposed, in order to better address the conceptual and ethical challenges involved in human displacement.