Evolução do excesso de peso e da obesidade em adultos brasileiros: evidências para a vigilância em saúde

Objective: to analyze temporal trends in the prevalence of excess weight and obesity in the adult population of Brazilian state capitals. Methods: a time series epidemiological study using data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey, from 2006 to 2023. The prevalence of excess weight and obesity was analyzed by sex, age, education level, and the capital city of Brazil. The Prais-Winsten regression was used, and the Annual Percentage Change was calculated. Results: There was an increase in the prevalence of excess weight and obesity. The increase was observed in both sexes, in all age groups, and all levels of education. Aracaju, Belém, and Belo Horizonte had the highest excess weight, and Brasília had the highest obesity. Conclusion: there was a significant increase in the prevalence of excess weight and obesity among adults in Brazilian state capitals between 2006 and 2023, with consistent growth in all sociodemographic strata analyzed. Contributions to practice: nursing can play a role in screening and monitoring excess weight and obesity, and in health education to promote healthy habits. Furthermore, it can contribute to intersectoral coordination and implementing public policies to address these conditions.