Formación profesional dual: una estrategia para reducir el desempleo juvenil

Despite efforts to improve the employability of young people, youth unemployment remains a persistent and structural problem in many countries. This situation is aggravated by the disconnection between traditional education systems and the real demands of the labor market, which generates a poorly relevant training and few opportunities for job placement. The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of dual vocational training as a strategy to reduce youth unemployment. A qualitative-descriptive approach was used and documents on dual vocational training in Germany, Mexico, Ecuador and Spain were analyzed, focusing on its impact on youth employability and the factors affecting its implementation. Among the main results, it is highlighted that dual vocational training improves youth labor market insertion if there is effective collaboration between schools and companies. However, it faces barriers such as low business participation, curricular rigidity and lack of teacher training. To strengthen it, structural reforms, incentives, educational updating and greater social recognition of the model are required.