Exploring Perceptions of Immigration and Crime : A Qualitative Study with Malmö Residents

This study explores how residents of Malmö perceive the relationship between immigration and crime, through a qualitative approach informed by framing theory. The findings indicate that these perceptions are shaped by an interplay of personal experiences, political discourse, and broader social dynamics, with media representations emerging as the most influential factor. Media was found to play a key role in framing immigrants associated with crime in Malmö, especially those from Middle Eastern backgrounds. Participants accounted for this perceived link through a range of explanations, including cultural differences and structural conditions such as poverty, unemployment, and residential segregation. Negative stereotypes, especially towards Arab and African immigrants, were commonly expressed and appeared to be reinforced by media narratives and spatial divisions within the city. Swedish-born participants, in particular, tended to express more generalized and negative views, often influenced by limited direct contact with immigrant communities and sustained exposure to media portrayals. The study highlights how dominant social narratives strongly influence public perceptions of immigration and crime. It points to the importance of encouraging more balanced, evidence based discussions that move beyond stereotypes. As the study is based on a small, qualitative sample, further research with a larger and more diverse group of participants is needed to deepen and broaden the findings.