Environmental critical discourse analysis based on Fairclough model, case study of Al-Ahram and Al-Watan, Egypt

The environment plays an irreplaceable role in human life. The relationship between the environment and language has improved human life. In the first step, this made humans overcome environmental crises, and in the second step changed his attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors toward the environment. This article explores the origins of critical discourse analysis based on the Fairclough model in Egyptian environmental texts in three levels of description, analysis and explanation through the descriptive-analytical approach. It also aims to evaluate the usage of words and grammar and consider the role of social functions and the construction of power relations from critical discourse analysis. The linguistic and grammatical features were examined at the descriptive level. The linguistic features such as sentence types, emphatics, similes and metaphors, the naming process, and other lin-guistics components were described. At the level of interpretation, effective processes in text production and its use as a discourse act and its relationship with other discourses have been studied. At the level of explanation, the relationship between the text and the social, political, and cultural context is examined to clarify the influence of power, ideol-ogy, hegemony, alienation, and other factors involved in the text's structure and content. It is noteworthy that the formal study and analysis of the formal features of a text can be practical along with intertextual analysis. As it can demonstrate the prevailing ideology of society, draw power relations and the conditions of language study in the socio-cultural context with a paralingual description.