Entomophagy and Islamic jurisprudence: examining the concept of “Al-Khabīth” in contemporary dietary discourse

As global food security concerns escalate, alternative protein sources are gaining attention in various cultural and religious contexts. This study investigates the complex interplay between Islamic jurisprudence and entomophagy, aiming to elucidate the permissibility of insect consumption within Islamic dietary laws. Through a qualitative analysis of recent academic literature and fatwa rulings from 2000 to 2024, the research examines diverse Islamic legal perspectives, critically analyzes the concept of "al-khabīth," evaluates modern considerations necessitating a re-examination of traditional rulings, and proposes guidelines for determining the permissibility of insect consumption in Islam. The findings reveal a spectrum of juristic opinions across Islamic schools, a nuanced understanding of "al-khabīth" encompassing physical, moral, and spiritual dimensions, and the potential of istihalah (transformation) in reconsidering the status of processed insect-derived products. Modern scientific evidence highlighting the nutritional and environmental benefits of entomophagy necessitates a re-evaluation of traditional rulings, aligning with Islamic principles of public interest (maslahah) and environmental stewardship. The study concludes by proposing parameters and guidelines for determining the permissibility of insect consumption, balancing traditional jurisprudence with contemporary realities, and emphasizing the need for ongoing interdisciplinary dialogue to develop comprehensive, ethically sound guidelines for entomophagy within Islamic contexts.