Educación STEM con inteligencia artificial en el desarrollo de competencias científicas y creativas

Artificial intelligence (AI) was conceptualized as a technological tool capable of transforming education, particularly in STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). The main objective of the study was to systematically analyze the benefits and applications of AI in the learning process of students at both school and university levels, as well as its impact on scientific and creative competencies. The methodology involved a systematic literature review, selecting relevant articles that addressed the use of intelligent platforms, virtual tutors, adaptive systems, and personalized AI-based environments. Empirical studies and theoretical reviews were analyzed to understand the pedagogical integration of these technologies. Results showed that AI significantly improved personalized learning by enabling individualized attention and promoting the development of metacognitive and creative skills. There was evidence of enhanced abilities in solving complex problems, formulating hypotheses, and self-regulating learning. Challenges related to equity in technology access and the need for adequate teacher training to maximize AI’s potential were also identified. Additionally, the importance of ethical and contextualized implementation was emphasized to avoid technological dependency and ensure responsible data use. In conclusion, AI proved to be a valuable pedagogical mediator that fostered educational innovation, provided its integration was carried out thoughtfully and tailored to the educational context.