The Development of a Comprehensive Dimensions Scale for Assessing Clinical Teachers’ Occupational Well-Being

Chien-Hui Pan,1,2 Tzen-Yuh Chiang,2 Hui-Chi Hsieh,1 Ya-Huei Wang3,4 1Education Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; 2Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 3Department of Applied Foreign Languages, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 4Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanCorrespondence: Ya-Huei Wang, Chung Shan Medical University, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, 110, Sec. 1, Jian-Koa N. Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, Tel +886-4-24730022 Ex 12003, Email [email protected]: In Taiwanese clinical and healthcare environments, there is a dearth of appropriate and effective tools to evaluate clinical teachers’ occupational well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a culturally adapted scale, a Taiwanese version of the Clinical Teachers’ Occupational Well-Being Dimensions Scale (CTOWDS), to accurately measure the occupational well-being of clinical teachers in Taiwan.Methods: Following a comprehensive literature review and expert panel discussions, the study developed the CTOWDS and conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 346 participants using SPSS to identify its underlying dimensional structure and psychometric properties. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then performed with 255 participants using AMOS to validate the EFA results. The study also assessed internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validities, and goodness-of-fit indexes to ensure that the scale was valid and reliable in the Taiwanese cultural setting.Results: The EFA refined the scale from 51 to 29 items across five dimensions: personal qualities (11 items), academic research and career development pressure (6 items), teaching experience (4 items), learning experience (4 items), and teaching and communication pressure (4 items). These five dimensions explained 65.279% of the total variance. The CFA confirmed the five dimensions and 29 items, with good convergent and discriminant validities, goodness-of-fit indexes, and Cronbach’s alpha values exceeding 0.70.Conclusion: The findings affirm the utility of the developed CTOWDS as a reliable and culturally relevant instrument for assessing the occupational well-being of clinical teachers.Keywords: occupational well-being, clinical teachers, scale development, psychometric validation