Design och utveckling av en självförsörjande IoT-enhet för fönsterövervakning, möjliggjort av zero-touch provisionering

This thesis presents the design and development of a self-powered IoT device for window monitoring, enabled by zero-touch provisioning (ZTP). The prototype harvests outdoor solar energy with a 1W polycrystalline solar cell and stores it in a 2000 mAh LiPo battery via the TP4056 charger. The battery powers an ESP32-C3 microcontroller through a high-efficiency DC-DC converter, and a reed switch is used to monitor the window. A Soft-AP-based approach allows installers to provision the device with zero-touch in about 30 s. The Wi-Fi access points are used to give an estimated location of the device. Tests show that the device connects to the access point with the highest RSSI value in 87.5 % of attempts. The system has a battery-only life span of 72 days based on measured energy consumption, while harvested energy guarantees continuous operation throughout the year. The total component cost stays just below 500 SEK, ensuring that the solution remains both scalable and practical for real-world applications. By integrating energy harvesting and zero-touch provisioning in a single IoT device, the thesis offers a low-maintenance solution that not only reduces deployment time, but also contributes to energy efficiency and environmental sustainability.