РІДНА МОВА ЯК ЧИННИК УТВЕРДЖЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ Й САМОЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: ЗАПОВІТ ЧЕСЛАВА МІЛОША

Based on the analysis of the life and work of Czesław Miłosz, the main aspects of his understanding of the role of the native language as a factor in the affirmation of national identity and self-preservation of the individual in difficult socio-political conditions are clarified. Cz. Miłosz's reflections on language and its creative possibilities in the multi-genre books "Land of Ulro", "Alphabet", "Prydorojniy Pesik" and the best poetic works, such as "My True Language", "Meaning", "Thistle, Nettle", "Task", "Introduction", etc. are highlighted and characterized. Cz. Miłosz's activities and position on the use of the native language in conditions of emigration, isolation from the national environment, and the domestic literary process are shown. It is found that Miłosz, asserting his own categorical imperative ("stubbornly hold on to his language"), discovered the limitlessness of the possibilities and shades of the native language: he showed its dependence on the peculiarities of national history and tradition; convincingly demonstrated that language is the measure of everything on earth, especially for a poet whose poems are written under its dictation; deepened the understanding of the power of language over man and the world, its ability to record unique fragments of reality in word and image; discovered the transboundary characteristics of language, its ability to demonstrate a multi-colored picture of the world through penetration into other languages and the secrets of other civilizations. Based on Miłosz's position on the use of the native language, the prospects for further research into language issues were determined, in particular: analysis of the semantic features of different languages in the context of their ability to harmoniously integrate into the world space; identification of the defining characteristics of the functioning of national languages in the creative work of intellectuals of different countries and peoples; further understanding of multi-genre forms of expression; disclosure and comparison of language means as a factor in the falsification of reality and a means of ensuring the humanistic progress of humanity.