ЕНЕРГОЗАОЩАДЖУЮЧЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗА НАЯВНОСТІ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ НА ФАЗОВІ КООРДИНАТИ ПОЗИЦІЙНОГО ЕЛЕКТРОПРИВОДУ

The increase in electricity prices in Ukraine, along with a significant decline in electricity production, underscores the urgent need to find effective energy-saving solutions, which has become a key objective of the country’s energy policy. In the context of modern industrial development, special attention should be given to improving the efficiency of electric drives, which account for a substantial share—50% to 60%—of total electricity consumption. Effective optimization of their operation is one of the promising avenues for energy conservation. This study examines methods for minimizing energy consumption in DC positioning electric drives that operate in challenging operational conditions, particularly in modes with frequent starts, stops, and reversals. To achieve this, a special control strategy is proposed that generates an optimal current diagram during transient processes. The core idea involves employing an adaptive approach to current control that considers the physical constraints of the electric drive as well as the dynamic characteristics of the system. A law governing current variation in key segments of transient processes has been developed and substantiated. As a result of the research, mathematical dependencies have been derived to calculate the duration of individual control segments, taking into account limitations on the current rise rate. The obtained results demonstrate a significant reduction in energy consumption during transient processes without compromising the productivity or reliability of the electric drive. Experimental data confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method. Implementing this methodology will not only enhance the energy efficiency of individual devices but also contribute to the broader development of energy-saving technologies in industry. Thus, the proposed approach holds substantial practical significance for reducing energy costs in sectors with high electricity consumption.