ГОЛОВНІ ЕТАПИ ЕВОЛЮЦІЇ КАМ‘ЯНОВУГІЛЬНИХ SPIRIFERIDA ТА SPIRIFERINIDA (BRACHIOPODS) У ПАЛЕОБАСЕЙНАХ СХІДНОЇ ЄВРОПИ

The twelve temporal intervals during which changes in the generic composition of Carboniferous Spiriferida and Spiriferinida assemblages occurred within the paleobasins of Eastern Europe are established and analyzed. As the most important levels of changes the intervals near Devonian/Carboniferous boundary, in middle Tournaisian and middle Visean, Mississippian/Pennsylvanian, Bashkirian/Moscovian, base of Kasimovian and Carboniferous/Permian boundaries are picked out. The changes of lithological conditions of habitation as the reasons of the morphological evolution of the attachment system in representatives of the superfamilies Spiriferoidea, Paeckelmanelloidea and Brachythyridoidea following the Hangenberg crisis are indicated. The importance of the evolution of the vascular system of the family Angiospiriferidae Legrand-Blain, 1985 for the emergence of the subfamilies Chorisitinae Waterhouse, 1968 and Brachythyrininae Waterhouse, 2004 at the end of the Mississippian is emphasised. It is discussed the scale of the rate of change in the generic composition of Carboniferous spiriferide brachiopods.