ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ПОШИРЕННЯ ПЕТРОГРАФІЧНИХ ТИПІВ БУРОГО ВУГІЛЛЯ ТА ЗМІН ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ВУГЛЕНОСНОСТІ ДНІПРОВСЬКОГО БАСЕЙНУ

The article presents the results of a study on the coal of Paleogene coal-bearing formation in several deposits of the Dnieper Brown Coal Basin. It is shown that the formation occurred during the middle Eocene, when the Ukrainian shield lowered and the sea transgressed into erosion-tectonic paleovalleys from the Dnieper-Donets depression. The study was aimed at identifying the spatial distribution regularities and changes in the petrographic composition of coal, as well as parameters related to the coal-bearing capacity of the basin, which has both theoretical and practical significance. The geotectonic regime of the basin being confined to the Ukrainian Shield determined the paleogeographic conditions of sedimentation and peat accumulation, the speed of submergence of the swampy territory and the plant material accumulation, the degree of watering and flowage of peatlands, the cyclic distribution of petrographic types of coal, and their spatial distribution. For the first time, the distribution of gelite and lipoid-gelite types of coal in the bottom of the layers of most deposits was recorded. It was found that in the overlying part of the seams the coal types change from lipoid-enriched (in the Buzko-Rosynskyi and western parts of the Ingulskyi megablocks) to those depleted in these components (in the Dnieper and eastern part of the Ingulskyi megablocks). For the first time, gelitolite-lipoidolite (liptobiolith) type layers were distinguished in the Basin, in which types of coal with a content of lipoid components of more than 25% prevail. It is shown that the increased bituminosity of the studied coal and the high content of wax in the bitumen are the result of the conditions of decomposition of plant material of peatlands under the influence of sea water.