Методичне підґрунтя оптимізації проєктування днопоглиблення в районах акваторій і суходолу

The problem of choosing the optimal routes of navigable channels in areas of alluvial plains of land and areas of water areas with the accumulative relief of the seabed. The criterion for the selection of routes of navigable channels is to minimize the cost of dredging work at the canal construction stage. This is usually achieved by minimizing distance. The criterion for sketching the channel during operation is usually taken into account in the second place, because at the modern scientific and technical level the criteria for determining the sketching of the channels are not perfect. With the acquisition of new knowledge in the fields of fluid dynamics, the structure of the lithosphere was created a scientific basis for optimization, already taking into account the factor of slicing, projection of the route of the navigable canal. Thus, artificial intervention in natural processes through dredging, began to choose the features of ergonomics. An algorithm for lineament analysis of the structure formation of the earth's surface is proposed according to the hypothesis of K.F. Tyapkin is proposed. As an example of implementing the algorithm for zoning the Earth's surface, including land and water area, a block division scheme for the southeastern part of Turkey is proposed. The algorithm for mapping the block division of the Earth's solid shell in a simplified version is implemented for the water area of the Dniester estuary, as a promising international waterway Dubosary – Bilhorod-Dniestrovskyi. The modern capabilities of pattern recognition software for automating the process of selecting the optimal route of a shipping channel based on the silting minimization criterion have been analyzed. The rotational hypothesis of structure formation has been improved. Using the example of the planetary activation of the structure formation process during the geodynamic epoch of 2005-2006, it is shown that a change in the azimuth of the action of destructive tidal geodeformations of the Earth's surface can occur under stable rotational conditions and without sudden changes in the inclination of the Earth's axis of rotation