Нормативно-правове забезпечення проведення земської реформи та реорганізація адміністративної системи Підкарпатської Русі (Закарпаття) у 1927–1938 роках

The article analyzes the regulatory and legal support of the Zemstvo reform and the reorganization of the administrative system of Subcarpathian Rus (Transcarpathia) in 1927–1938. It is established that the main essence of the 1927 reform in the territory of the region, as well as in the whole of Czechoslovakia, was the creation of a Zemstvo administration with the simultaneous introduction of a new administrative and territorial system. Zemsky administrations took over internal management, which was previously carried out by civil administrations of komit administrations. The model of the formation and functioning of the district administration headed by the head of the zemstvo, its relationship with the zemstvo representation, the procedure for convening the latter, the term of office, the sphere of competence, as well as the procedure for the dissolution of elected representatives. bodies of the Zemstvo representation were analyzed. The procedure for elections, the composition and procedure of activity of the Zemstvo Committee and Zemstvo Commissions have been revealed. The activity, sphere of competence and the procedure of interaction of district state administrations, district representative offices and district committees, the procedure for appointing and dismissing their leaders and the latter’s interaction with collegial bodies were analyzed. An analysis of the law No. 172/1937 «On the temporary regulation of the legal position of the governor of Subcarpathian Rus» is presented, which reveals his legal status, the governor’s classical and new powers in relation to the zemstvo representation and zemstvo committees. . It is proved that despite the actual increase in the status of the viceroy, he continued to maintain the status of a representative body, which he retained and transferred from the General Statute. Thus, the governor was not independent in decision-making, but completely dependent on the central government. The model of relations between the governor and the vice-governor is analyzed. The order of formation, sphere of competence, location of the Governor’s Council as an advisory meeting of the voivode and a body that was the centralization of state administration in Subcarpathian Rus (Transcarpathia) were revealed. It is proven that the specified law, which was supposed to be the first step towards the real autonomy of the region, became a combination of the existing internal centralized structure and autonomist ideas, or rather their replacement. Corresponding conclusions were made that the political leadership of Czechoslovakia during 1927–1938 failed or did not want to legally implement the provisions of the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic regarding the granting of autonomy to Subcarpathian Rus (Transcarpathia).