ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗБИТКУ ВІД ПРОСТОЇВ АВТОМОБІЛІВ ЧЕРЕЗ НЕСПРАВНОСТІ ДВИГУНІВ

Vehicle downtime due to engine failure causes a reduction in the amount of transport work and the cost of repairs. In this way, they cause significant losses for transport enterprises. In modern conditions, methods for assessing losses due to vehicle downtime caused by engine failure have not yet been developed sufficiently. An approach has been developed to assess the amount of losses caused by vehicle downtime due to engine failure. The amount of loss to transport enterprises caused by downtime due to engine failure consists of the following parts: lost profit because of the inablity to perform a certain amount of transport work; increase in the cost of production which results from an increase in the share of fixed costs per unit of transport work; the amount of wages paid to drivers for downtime if they are not busy drving another car or doing alternative work; the amount of fines for unperformed work or work performed in violation of the contractual term due to vehicle downtime; additional costs for interest on the loan in case of financing the purchase of a vehicle with borrowed funds. The approach we have proposed to determine the loss due to vehicle downtime takes into account only the loss associated with the failure to perform a certain amount of work on cargo transportation. When establishing the amount of loss, the costs of eliminating malfunctions and replacing spare parts of the vehicle were not taken into account, since these costs are included in the repair costs. Based on data on truck downtime collected under RTE 16368, calculations of the amount of loss were made using the proposed method. The total amount of loss caused by vehicle downtime due to engine malfunctions amounted to UAH 63456,6. As the calculations showed, the amount of loss due to the underpayment by the transport enterprise amounted to 51.9%, and with an increase in the share of conditional fixed costs per unit of transport work, it amounted to 3.5% of the total amount of loss. Using the proposed method will allow to determin the damage from vehicle downtime and assess the effectiveness of measures to improve engine reliability.