Децентралізація як інструмент зміцнення національної безпеки: правовий аспект

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal aspect of decentralisation as a tool for strengthening Ukraine’s national security. Decentralisation is viewed not only as an administrative reform, but also as a strategic mechanism for strengthening the state’s resilience to modern challenges, including external aggression, economic risks and social threats. The key legal acts regulating this process are studied. The author outlines the main mechanisms through which decentralisation contributes to strengthening the country’s defence capability, efficient resource allocation and involvement of citizens in governance processes. Particular attention is paid to the positive effects of decentralisation, including increased efficiency of local decision-making, improved coordination between local and central authorities, strengthening social stability and increasing the level of public participation in governance processes. The role of the reform in increasing the economic capacity of territorial communities is outlined, which, in turn, contributes to strengthening the financial and resource independence of the regions. The issue of integration of local forces into the national defence system is considered, which is critical in the context of armed conflict. At the same time, the article highlights potential threats that may accompany the decentralisation process. These include uneven development of regions, possible managerial dysfunctions due to insufficient institutional capacity of local authorities, and the risks of strengthening separatist tendencies in certain territories. It is noted that the effectiveness of decentralisation as a mechanism for strengthening national security largely depends on clear legal regulation, effective control by the central government and adequate financial support for local communities. Based on the analysis, the author concludes that decentralisation is a necessary component of Ukraine’s modern security strategy, which contributes to increasing the state’s resilience to internal and external threats. However, in order to achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to improve the legal mechanisms of governance, introduce effective safeguards against possible risks and ensure the stable development of all regions of the state.