Правові поліцейські функції в напрямі Ради Європи та ОБСЄ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the understanding of the police (police functions) in the standards of the Council of Europe. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the police (police functions) are understood taking into account the dynamic changes that occur in the globalized world and are associated with new manifestations of crime. It is noted that the understanding of the place of the police in the system of bodies of the modern state is affected by new trends in the management sphere, which demonstrate the requirements of transparency, efficiency and depoliticization for police structures established by law. The understanding of «police activity as a public service» is defined in the following way: «The main duties of the police are to maintain public peace and order; protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, especially life; prevent and detect crimes; reduce the level of fear; and provide assistance and services to the public.» Progress towards a democratic basis for policing is achieved when there is a shift “from a control-oriented to a service-oriented approach”, where the main focus of law enforcement agencies is on active crime prevention. The OSCE Strategic Concept on the elimination of threats posed by criminal activities names the following types of such activities, organized crime, in particular, the OSCE promotes specialized training in the field of criminal prosecution for law enforcement agencies and other elements of the criminal justice system, including with a view to expanding the range of methods that have proven effective in cases related to organized crime, in particular, promoting policing strategies aimed at the early detection of radicalism and violent extremism, as well as at the deradicalization and reintegration of militant extremists into society, illicit drugs and chemical precursors (development of effective and comprehensive strategies to combat drug smuggling and diversion of chemical precursors, trafficking in human beings.