Simulation-based technical analysis of a hybrid renewable energy system through solar PV integration into an existing hydropower plant : A technical feasibility study under a 1.3 MW connection constraint

The municipality of Arvika, which is located in the Värmland region in Sweden, has set ambitious climate goals, aiming to become carbon neutral by the year of 2045. Despite these targets, Arvika currently struggles with low self-suFiciency rate in electricity production, covering only around 50% of its own consumption. To address these issues, Arvika kraft has initiated eForts to integrate solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into an existing hydropower facility, forming a hybrid renewable energy system. This thesis presents a technical analysis of the hybrid systems feasibility, with additional considerations of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to support grid stability if required. A key challenge in the region is the seasonal fluctuation in hydropower production. High water availability during the winter, driven by snowmelt, ensures suFicient hydropower output, while dry summer conditions significantly reduce energy generation and limit grid utilization. Since solar energy availability peaks during the summer months, the integration of PV oFers the potential to oFset these seasonal deficits, improving the system’s overall reliability and performance. This study focuses on determining the PV sizing, evaluating potential BESS capacity, and assessing the technical requirements for grid integration within the 1.3 MW grid constraint. The objective is to enhance grid utilization and support a more stable, renewable based power supply.