Removal of Typical Antibiotics Present in Hospital Wastewaters: a Critical Review of Conventional Treatment Techniques

This review provides insight into the fate and removal of antibiotics in hospital wastewater, and demon-
\nstrates the occurrence and risk of antibiotics in hospital wastewater by different treatment processes
\nand materials. The properties of typical antibiotics such as sulfonamides, tetracyclines and quinones in hospital wastewater were comprehensively understood. Based on the typical antibiotic treatment technology and water treatment materials, the advantages and disadvantages of physical, chemical and biological methods in water treatment are compared and analyzed, so as to guide the design and improvement of relevant water treatment technology.