Rehabilitación cardiovascular basada en equinoterapia, arteterapia y contacto con la naturaleza: revisión de literatura

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, which shows the need to explore innovative treatments that evaluate efficacy and potential use, as a complement to traditional comprehensive rehabilitation approaches in different pathologies. The objective is to systematically review the scientific literature on the advances that have had the application of equine therapy techniques, art therapy and contact with nature in cardiovascular conditions in humans. The methodology consists of a document search procedure in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, applying three separate equations with inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and relevance of the referents for the field of cardiology. The results confirm that the scientific literature on these techniques in the management of cardiovascular diseases is still scarce, but most studies agree on the therapeutic potential offered by these interventions in the regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory capacity, oxygen demand and emotional well-being. More protocols and experimental, randomized, and longitudinal research are required to validate the effectiveness of interventions in specific heart-related pathologies.