RE-EVALUATION OF CRIMINAL CASES BASED ON EMERGING FORENSIC TECHNOLOGIES

Advancements in forensic science have profoundly reshaped the process of criminal case reevaluation, facilitating both the exoneration of wrongfully convicted individuals and the resolution of cases that have long remained unsolved. This paper seeks to explore the impact of cutting-edge forensic technologies, ranging from DnA analysis and digital forensics to artificial intelligence, within the mechanisms of judicial review. These innovations provide unprecedented perspectives on evidence, challenging previously final rulings and contributing to the redefinition of the principles of equity and justice. This study highlights the transformative role of forensic progress in identifying judicial errors through a series of emblematic cases that have led to retrials and exonerations. While these advancements enhance the precision of evidence, they also introduce significant challenges for the legal system. The admissibility of AI-generated forensic results, the risks of misinterpretation, and the ever-evolving nature of digital evidence necessitate a judicious and balanced approach. Thus, this paper underscores the need for a legal framework that embraces scientific innovation while safeguarding the fundamental right to a fair trial and the integrity of the justice system. By critically examining both the benefits and the inherent limitations of emerging forensic technologies, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the future of judicial review in the digital age.