Predictors of Mortality in African Americans With Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias

Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia (ADRD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. There is a need to identify the link between modifiable risk factors and the association with ADRD mortality. This study addresses the disproportionately high burden of ADRD among African Americans, aiming to inform targeted prevention strategies and promote health equity. In this study, the longitudinal relationship between ADRD mortality and the presences of diabetes, smoking, and obesity among older African Americans residing in the United States was examined, while controlling for age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status. The biopsychosocial model served as the theoretical framework for this study. The research questions focused on the potential longitudinal associations between ADRD mortality and (a) diabetes, (b) obesity, and (c) smoking status, after controlling for age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status. A quantitative, nonexperimental, longitudinal study design was used, employing secondary data analysis from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. The findings revealed no significant associations between diabetes (p=0.256), obesity (p=0.686), or smoking status (p=0.346) and ADRD mortality, though hazard ratios suggested slight risk variations. These results highlight the complexity of ADRD risk factors as well as the need for further research to guide equitable public health interventions for underserved populations. Tackling these challenges is crucial for driving social change by creating fair and effective approaches to managing ADRD. Additionally, it provides important insights to inform public health policies and interventions that reduce health disparities and enhance outcomes for African Americans and other underserved groups.