Post-Quantum Cryptography in V2X Communication

This work describes the current trends, specifications, and adoption rate of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). It investigates the possibility of implementing PQC signatures in C-ITS to ensure safety in the Post-Quantum era. To reach this objective, the security architecture in C-ITS, along with all of its requirements, is presented. To ensure a high level of security, only the PQC algorithms selected by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for further standardization are considered. Individual algorithms are compared with the currently used Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) to evaluate the impact of changing the algorithms. A recommendation on the most suitable algorithms is provided.