Post-Transplant Liver Monitoring Utilizing Integrated Surface-Enhanced Raman and AI in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Animal Model

Sanghwa Lee,1,* Hyunhee Kwon,2,* Jeongmin Oh,3 Kyeong Ryeol Kim,3 Joonseup Hwang,3 Suyeon Kang,3 Kwanhee Lee,3 Jung-Man Namgoong,2 Jun Ki Kim1,3 1Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jun Ki Kim, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea, Email [email protected] Jung-Man Namgoong, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea, Email [email protected]: While liver transplantation saves lives from irreversible liver damage, it poses challenges such as graft dysfunction due to factors like ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which can lead to significant cellular damage and systemic complications. Current diagnostic tools for detecting IR injury have limitations, necessitating advanced methods for timely intervention. This study explores the integration of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with artificial intelligence (AI) to improve diagnostic accuracy for liver IR injury.Materials and Methods: IR injury was induced using a mouse model, and histopathological and hepatic functional evaluations were conducted alongside SERS measurements. Raman signals obtained via SERS chips, which selectively filter nano-biomarkers and enhance signals, were analyzed using machine learning algorithms.Results: The PC-LDA derived from spectra achieved an accuracy of 93.13%, while a machine learning algorithm based on PC-derived PLS-DA improved accuracy to 98.75%.Discussion: Our findings emphasize the potential of combining SERS with AI to detect and specifically identify dysfunction due to liver damage early, potentially advancing patient management in liver transplantation. Keywords: liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, liver function, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, discriminant analysis, machine learning algorithm