Phytochemical Profiling and Wound Healing Activity of Gigantochloa apus Liquid Smoke in Mus Musculus

Desi Natalia Tarigan,1 Yenni Gustiani Tarigan,2 Vinsa Cantya Prakasita,1 Aniek Prasetyaningsih,1 Baxter HK Kachingwe3 1Faculty of Biotechnology, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, Medan, Indonesia; 3Pharmacy Department, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiCorrespondence: Baxter HK Kachingwe, Pharmacy Department, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Mahatma Ghandi Road, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi, Tel +2650994400776, Email [email protected]: Rope bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) is traditionally used for medicinal purposes, and extracts from stem leaves and shoots have been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, this study looked at the potential compounds present in and the usefulness of Rope bamboo liquid smoke preparations in the wound healing process in mice.Methods: The fingerprinting of the liquid smoke was done by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In-vivo experiments were conducted to observe the diameter and percentage of wound healing in mice for 14 days using topical formulations containing liquid smoke concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, positive control and negative control. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Spearman correlation.Results: The phytochemical fingerprint showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, vitamins, phenols, and lipids. The 100% undiluted liquid smoke accelerated wound healing faster compared to 50% and 25% dilutions. The differences in wound diameters were statistically significant across treatments having a p-value of 0.020 and dose-dependent (p = 0.029).Conclusion: Liquid smoke acceleration of the wound healing process was dose-dependent compared to controls. This dose-dependency indicates that the wound healing effects were probably due to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the elucidated constituents of Rope bamboo liquid smoke. Keywords: dose-dependent, wounds healing, Gigantochloa apus, Rope bamboo, liquid smoke, mice