Migración irregular en tránsito por México 2019-2024: vulnerabilidad estructural, agencia en las casas de migrantes y horizontes de paz imperfecta

Between 2019 and 2024, Mexico has solidified its role as a transit space for migrants in irregular situations, amid growing controls, containment policies, and geopolitical pressures. This qualitative study, based on documentary analysis of official sources and recent academic literature, examines how structural vulnerability, migrant agency, and hospitality practices intersect during transit, and their implications for conceptualizing forms of imperfect peace. The findings are organized into three axes: (1) institutionalized power asymmetries in migratory events; (2) the role of migrant houses (casas de migrantes) as ethical spaces for collective organization, countering state control and fostering care, resistance, and reparation; and (3) migrant agency as a daily practice of reconfiguring movement, community ties, and life trajectories. The research concludes that irregular transit migration constitutes a conflict zone where structural violence, grassroots strategies, and local hospitality overlap. Through the lens of imperfect peace, the study proposes a critical framework integrating conflict, agency, and ethics, emphasizing the need for policies attuned to the complex realities of migratory transit.