Novedades en el abordaje de las quemaduras solares

Background: Sunburn is an acute inflammatory response of the skin to excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly UVB. A sunburn occurs when exposure to UV radiation exceeds the protective ability of melanin in the skin. Ancient cultures used natural ingredients to treat sunburn. In Egypt, aloe vera was widely known for its soothing and regenerating properties. In the 19th century, advances in dermatology began. With the beginning of dermatology as a medical specialty. The modern approach not only treats sunburn, but also seeks to educate about the risks of cumulative UV damage.Methodology: A systematic review was carried out, in which searches were carried out in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The following inclusion criteria: Articles published in the last 10 years, clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, human research related to innovative treatments, prevention or technologies applied to sunburn.Results: Sunburn represents one of the most common manifestations of overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially in regions with high solar incidence. A promising approach in the treatment of sunburn is the use of topical antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and polyphenols. These compounds neutralize free radicals generated by UV exposure, reducing inflammation and cellular damage. Advances in bioengineering have allowed the development of peptides and recombinant growth factors for the treatment of sunburn. These therapies promote cell repair and stimulate collagen production.Conclusions: Innovations in the approach to sunburn are transforming both the treatment and prevention of this condition. From antioxidant and biological therapies to digital tools and nanotechnology, expanding the therapeutic landscape.