Inhibidores del transportador SGLT2 en el tratamiento de la Diabetes mellitus tipo 2: revisión bibliográfica

Mellitus Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the global population. In Latin America, it has high prevalence rates and increasingly rising mortality. In Ecuador, 4,895 deaths from this condition were reported in 2017. Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT inhibitors) have been shown to be effective in treating diabetes mellitus. These inhibitors help reduce body weight and glycosylated hemoglobin, particularly in patients with good renal function. SGLT2 inhibitors, approved in recent years, block the renal reabsorption of glucose, promoting its excretion through urine. This reduces blood glucose levels and offers additional benefits such as renal protection and decreased cardiovascular risks. Methodology: Non-experimental, bibliographic review. Objective: Analyze the global benefits of SGLT2 transporter inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: The main SGLT2 inhibitors each have specific pharmacokinetic characteristics and therapeutic applications that can be leveraged when treating patients with this condition. Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that requires timely and appropriate treatment with medications that provide clinical benefits to the patient. Considering SGLT2 inhibitors, a novel treatment approach can be offered to diabetic patients, which is generally well tolerated depending on the patient's condition