Idrott och Hälsas påverkan på självkänsla, tillhörighet och inkludering : En kvalitativ studie ur ett elevperspektiv

Students’ experiences of physical education play a significant role in shaping their self-esteem, sense of belonging, and feeling of inclusion. Research shows that the structure of the lessons, the teacher’s approach, and prevailing norms can influence these factors both positively and negatively. The purpose of this study is to explore how ninth-grade students experience self-esteem, belonging, and inclusion in the subject of physical education and health. This qualitative study is based on ten semi-structured interviews conducted with students from a lower secondary school. Thematic analysis was used, guided by the concepts of self-esteem, belonging, and inclusion. The results indicate that students’ experiences differ greatly. Those who feel competent and socially accepted describe the lessons as meaningful and enjoyable. At the same time, several students report feelings of exclusion, insecurity, and being judged, which negatively affect their participation and mental well-being. The discussion highlights the need for conscious, norm-critical, and relationship-focused teaching, where all students are given the opportunity to feel included, safe, and competent regardless of physical ability or previous experience.