Experiencias de las figuras parentales no ofensoras en la interacción con los programas de intervención psicosociojurídica dirigida a las y los niños víctimas de abuso sexual y familias

Child sexual abuse is a problem that constitutes a violation of children's human rights, the scope of which transcends the direct victims and impacts their families and significant figures in their environments. The specialized literature has focused mainly on describing and explaining the traumatic effects of this experience. However, there is less evidence about the effects on the family environment and the passage through specialized institutions. Phenomenological-interpretative analysis (IPA) was used to interview 9 non-offending mothers and fathers to investigate their experiences in the interaction with psychosocial-legal intervention programs after the disclosure of sexual abuse. The results show that in the institutional itinerary there are encounters and misunderstandings between parents and institutions, in which their needs and expectations are satisfied in some areas and frustrated in others. The main facilitators are the mobilization of adult figures to manage support, empathetic and non-judgmental attention from professionals, as well as information and guidance about the processes. In the difficulties they mention structural aspects of the system, such as bureaucratic institutional procedures, technical language and lack of coordination between the different levels of intervention. They also mention relational aspects such as revictimizing practices towards children and adult figures. In particular, parents report feeling constantly evaluated and judged in their protective competencies.